Palo Alto Networks Network Security Architect 認定 NetSec-Architect 試験問題:

1. A company needs to securely enable SaaS application usage while preventing data exfiltration.
The solution must provide visibility into application traffic and enforce granular controls. What should be used?

A) App-ID with Data Filtering
B) URL filtering only
C) Static routing
D) NAT policies

2. A global organization is in the process of securing critical applications during a cloud-based migration while migrating to a cloud-first design, and it is currently performing a brownfield migration of its most critical applications - such as CRM and product intellectual property / design systems - into Azure Cloud. The organization already has an active/passive high availability (HA) NGFW deployed at its data center with multiple zones and has replicated that design into its existing Azure HA deployment.
The organization recognizes the need to modernize its security posture as critical workloads move out of the data center and users connect from anywhere. Its security model is defined by a traditional "hard shell, soft center" approach:
Zero Trust Gaps
- Current network segmentation is perimeter-based. The organization wants to expand Zero Trust principles across cloud and on-premises environments.
- The network relies heavily on VLANs and IP address-based Access Control Lists (ACLs) segmented primarily by office location and broad departmental groups.
- Once employees are on the corporate network (i.e., inside the "perimeter"), they have relatively wide access.
- If attackers compromise a single endpoint (e.g., via a phishing email), they can easily move laterally and scan for high-value targets.
Cloud Blind Spots
- The organization uses Azure for its production environments and hosts applications that contain sensitive customer data.
- Security controls in the cloud are often managed independently of the on-premises network.
Access is frequently granted with overly permissive identity and access management (IAM) roles and keys based on the resource rather than the user's real-time context or application health.
Remote User Access
- Many remote users are still hairpinning into the corporate data center just to reach internet or SaaS resources, creating latency and inefficiency.
- Traditional VPN is used for remote employees.
- The VPN grants access to the entire internal network segment making the remote endpoint the new, weaker perimeter. There is no continuous check on the user's device health after the initial connection.
Visibility and Logging
- Logs are primarily stored on-premises, then forwarded to a local Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) solution. As applications move to Azure, visibility into cloud traffic and user behavior becomes fragmented.
Data Security Concern
- Sensitive data, including product design files, will now live in SaaS and cloud environments. The organization needs data security to prevent leakage and enforce compliance.
Ingress Security
- Third-party partners and suppliers require access into the data center and cloud applications, introducing risk at ingress points.
The current Microsoft Azure NGFW architecture will not support the increased traffic with the new applications being migrated.
Which architectural solution will provide scalable inspection?

A) Keep the active/passive firewall only for north-south traffic and rely entirely on Azure Network Security Groups (NSGs) for east-west traffic inspection.
B) Maintain the Azure active/passive design and use Azure scale sets to vertically scale the firewall size to handle all current and anticipated future east-west traffic.
C) Decommission the firewall pair and use a multi-region deployment of Azure VPN gateways to manage VNet-to-VNet connections.
D) Migrate to a load balancer-based autoscaling firewall cluster that uses User-Defined Routes (UDRs) to traffic to multiple concurrent firewall instances for inspection.

3. An organization has a directive to adopt a Zero Trust framework focused on using identity and role-based access groups, device security and content inspection across all Security policies. To achieve this goal, an Enterprise License Agreement (ELA) was purchased, including Advanced Threat Prevention, IoT Security, and GlobalProtect.
The current security architecture uses Panorama to manage 60 NGFWs - a mix of PA-3240, PA-1410, and PA-440. Sites with PA-3240s host private application resources in the trust data center zone All sites have an untrust zone for internet access and a users zone for managed and unmanaged endpoint devices. A transit mesh zone exists to establish site-to-site connectivity through PAN-OS SD-WAN.
Privately hosted applications include web servers, SMB and NFS file servers and hosted Active Directory. The organization is in the process of adopting group mapping restrictions to these private applications, with daily additions of groups. It is also planning to build AI applications to assist the data teams with complex queries that will be hosted in the large offices containing data centers and is exploring hosting in the public cloud.
The organization uses on-premises Exchange, Dropbox, Zoom, and ChatGPT. There are a number of shadow SaaS applications that require further investigation. Users have been using Google Drive to upload confidential files within the organization by using their personal logins.
IoT devices on the network are associated on their own VLAN on the users zone. Using Device Security, all IoT devices have been categorized by asset profiles with medium or high confidence, policy sets imported into Panorama, and a default deny applied to the IoT networks.
The organization has rolled out SSL decryption and is using URL categorization for the majority of content filtering. Malicious categories, unknown and high-risk websites are blocked, with the remainder of sites set to alert.
Which deployment method should the architect suggest for enabling User-ID based rules, restricting or allowing access as close to the source as possible, while minimizing operational overhead?

A) Cloud Identity agent to sync user groups to the Cloud Identity Engine and the firewalls
B) Panorama device template with a group mapping profile with group allow list to reduce group update time on the firewalls
C) Panorama device template for data redistribution, referencing primary and secondary Panoramas as the User-ID agent
D) Cloud Directory via SCIM to sync user groups to the Cloud Identity Engine and the firewalls

4. A large organization is building a hybrid AI environment. The plan is to develop proprietary machine learning (ML) models on-premises in a VMware NSX environment and create separate, cloud-native AI applications in a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster environment. The CISO has requested a single solution that can offer runtime protection and visibility for the two environments. Which Prisma AIRS component or form factor should a security architect recommend to this customer?

A) Prisma AIRS SaaS platform to ingest telemetry from both environments without requiring local enforcement points
B) AI Agent Security installed on each individual virtual machine (VM) and container across both environments to provide host-level protection
C) AI Security Posture Management (AI-SPM) scanner to connect to both on-premises and cloud environments to scan for misconfigurations
D) Prisma AIRS Network Intercept deployed as security virtual appliances in both environments

5. An organization wants to reduce attack surface by allowing only sanctioned applications while blocking unknown traffic. What is the BEST approach?

A) Use App-ID with allow-list policy
B) Use only antivirus profiles
C) Block all ports except 80/443
D) Allow all and monitor logs

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